论地学科研信息化环境

Study on e-Science for Geosciences

        诸云强等(资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101； 河南大学环境与规划学院开封475000； 华南师范大学计算机学院广州510631)

         地球科学，科研信息化，科研范式，资源共享，协同创新

        geoscience, e-Science, science paradigm, resource sharing, collaborative innovation

        地学科研信息化环境（e-Geoscience）是在传统地球信息科学基础上，利用新一代信息化基础设施和信息技术，发展起来的支撑地学创新研究及其政府决策服务的科学研究信息化环境。文章提出了e-Geoscience 的核心要素及其概念模型，研究了e-Geoscience的典型特征，分析了在Web 2.0、物联网、移动通讯、语义网、云计算等新技术的支撑下，e-Geoscience 的技术体系：地球信息资源多源化采集、存储技术、分布式/高效能地学计算技术、地学信息资源共享、精确发现与智能推荐技术、地学数据挖掘与可视化技术以及协同研究技术。最后讨论了地学信息资源持续共享、质量保障、智能发现以及e-Geoscience 应用中存在的问题与挑战，并给出积极的应对策略。

        Scientific research paradigm has been developed from experience, theory, and computing paradigm to the Fourth Paradigm: data-intensive science. Modern geoscience research is a typical data-intensive research with obvious characteristics of big science and more social functions. So it is urgent to promot geo-information resources sharing and collaboration of cross-disciplinary, cross-regional, and cross-team in global range. To meet this need, it is the necessary choice to set up electronic supporting environment for geosciences (e-Geoscience). e-Geoscience is an electronic environment for supporting geosciences innovative research and government decision-making services that is to inherit and carry forward traditional geo-informatics science. In this paper, firstly we put forward the key elements and conceptual model of e-Geoscience, then study the typical characteristics of e-Geoscience and analyze new technologies such as Web 2.0, internet of things, mobile communication, semantic net, and cloud computing. Furthermore, the technical architecture of e-Geoscience is studied in detail which includes: multi-collection of Earth information resources, storage technology, distributed/ high performance geoscience computing technology, resources sharing of geoscience information, accurate findings and intelligent recommendation technology, geoscience data mining, visualization technology, and collaborative research technology. Finally, we discuss the problems and challenges in the sustaining sharing of geoscience information, quality assurance, intelligent findings, and application of e-Geoscience. The positive coping strategies are presented in the last.